European Forum

Press freedom under pressure in Macedonia

On 12 July the Vienna-based South East Europe Media Organisation, SEEMO released a statement charging the centre-right government of Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski with deliberately targeting critically oriented media. Since the beginning of the year, the statement says, critical voices “have been silenced through media closures, selective tax-related investigations against media owners, the selective allocation of government-sponsored advertising, pressure by companies, labour disputes, self-censorship, fear of job loss and other forms of pressure.” As a result, “Gruevski can count on friendly coverage by the majority of the country’s national print and broadcast media,” the statement says. “Independence and pluralism are seriously endangered.”

The SEEMO statement is the latest in a series of international reactions to the closures of the dailies Vreme, Shpic and Koha e Re, which shut down on July 3 as a result of being unable to pay alleged overdue taxes. The papers closed after the state froze their bank accounts. The media watchdog is concerned that the country’s most prominent private broadcast outlet, A1 TV, may also be forced to close soon. Ordered to pay some 9 million euros in alleged taxes, A1 has already cut its staff and news outlets. The station owner, Velija Ramkovski, was detained in December 2010 and accused of tax evasion and financial irregularities.

Reaction within the Macedonian media community has been divided. On July 4, the Journalists Union and Journalists Association staged a joint protest to call attention to what it characterised as repeated breaches of journalists’ rights. However, several media outlets supportive of government policies have signed an open letter calling on Macedonian authorities not to bow to pressure exerted by the European Commission, OSCE and Amnesty International, among others. These institutions have urged the government to allow the indebted media organizations to pay their bills in installments, so they can stay in business. The government earlier ruled out instalment payment plans.

SEEMO notes that the government also applies pressure through a selective advertising policy. “In small and fragile economies, public institutions tend to be major advertisers and therefore important contributors to companies’ revenues,” the statement says. “Where governments place their ads is of major importance for media outlets, and government-friendly media are often favoured over others.”

Sources: The Guardian, Balkan Insight, Photo: Flickr europeanpeoplesparty